The Achievements of India in the field of Science & Technology

-- Maria Rose Joseph, VII-C, Indian Education School

Tuesday, August 3, 2021

India is one of the 14th countries in the world who has contributed the most to the field of science and technology. India was a diverse country with some of the most knowledgeable mathematicians, physicists, etc. The theories of these people are still used to this day as it is valuable.

Some of the most famous mathematicians of India were Srinivasa Ramanujan, Aryabhata, Brahmagupta and many more. Some of the well- known physicists of India were C.V. Raman, Satyendra Nath Bose, Homi J. Bhabha and several more.

India’s most famous contributions are Atomism, the invention of zero, trigonometric functions, modern decimal system and the Chandrashekar limit.

The Indian atomic theory was found by Maharishi Kanada. According to Maharshi Kanada matter consisted of indestructible particles called as paramanus but in modern day is called as an atom. He also gave the concept of a molecule.

Aryabhata was a great mathemathecian and an astronomer. Many of the theories and explanations formed by Aryabhata is what has made him immortal to this. One of the most famous and well-known invention is the invention of zero and its introduction to India during the Gupta period. He had also invented the modern decimal system that is used in India and all around the world. He devised the decimal system as a positional numeration in his treatise Aryabhatiya.

The Chandrashekar limit is used in astronomy today. The famous astronomer who came up with this theory as well as an invention is Subramanyam Chandrashekar. He came up with the theory that those white dwarfs in the space exceeds the mass that is 1.4 times the mass of the sun then it is destined for it to end its life in the most violent of explosions like the supernova.

Bhaskara's work on calculus predates Newton and Leibniz by over half a millennium. He is particularly known in the discovery of the principles of differential calculus and its application to astronomical problems and computations. While Newton and Leibniz have been credited with differential and integral calculus, there is strong evidence to suggest that

Bhaskara was a pioneer in some of the principles of differential calculus. He was the first to conceive the differential coefficient and differential calculus.
One of the most important nuclear physicists of India was Homi J. Bhabha. He was known as the father of the Indian Nuclear Programme. He was the founding director of the Atomic Energy Establishment, Trombay which is now called as the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre.

A mathematician that is still celebrated to this day for his work is Srinivasa Ramanujan. He made substantial contributions to mathematical analysis, number theory, infinite series, and continued fractions, including solutions to mathematical problems then considered unsolvable.

Satyendra Nath Bose was an Indian mathematician and physicist. He has contributed and developed many notable works to the field of science and technology. One of his most famous works is the invention of the Bose- Einstein Condensate. The Bose-Einstein Condensate is the 5th state of matter invented by Satyendra Nath Bose and Albert Einstein.

These all theories, explanations, discoveries and inventions took place decades ago where technology was not much developed. It is the duty of the future people of this world to develop something new, that will be remembered throughout the next generations.

Maria Rose Joseph, VII-C, Indian Education School